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Istio
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<h1>Istio Sidecar自动注入原理</h1>
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<h2 class="subheading">Kubernetes webhook扩展机制解析</h2>
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Posted by
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"赵化冰"
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on
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Wednesday, May 23, 2018
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<h2 id="前言">前言</h2>
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<hr>
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<p>Kubernets 1.9版本引入了Admission Webhook(web 回调)扩展机制，通过Webhook,开发者可以非常灵活地对Kubernets API Server的功能进行扩展，在API Server创建资源时对资源进行验证或者修改。</p>
|
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<p>使用webhook的优势是不需要对API Server的源码进行修改和重新编译就可以扩展其功能。插入的逻辑实现为一个独立的web进程，通过参数方式传入到kubernets中，由kubernets在进行自身逻辑处理时对扩展逻辑进行回调。</p>
|
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<p>Istio 0.7版本就利用了Kubernets webhook实现了sidecar的自动注入。</p>
|
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<h2 id="什么是admission">什么是Admission</h2>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
<p>Admission是Kubernets中的一个术语，指的是Kubernets API Server资源请求过程中的一个阶段。如下图所示，在API Server接收到资源创建请求时，首先会对请求进行认证和鉴权，然后经过Admission处理，最后再保存到etcd。
|
||
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<img src="/img/2018-4-25-istio-auto-injection-with-webhook/admission-phase.png" alt="">
|
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从图中看到，Admission中有两个重要的阶段，Mutation和Validation，这两个阶段中执行的逻辑如下：</p>
|
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<ul>
|
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<li>
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<p>Mutation</p>
|
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<p>Mutation是英文“突变”的意思,从字面上可以知道在Mutation阶段可以对请求内容进行修改。</p>
|
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</li>
|
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<li>
|
||
<p>Validation</p>
|
||
<p>在Validation阶段不允许修改请求内容，但可以根据请求的内容判断是继续执行该请求还是拒绝该请求。</p>
|
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</li>
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</ul>
|
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<h2 id="admission-webhook">Admission webhook</h2>
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<hr>
|
||
<p>通过Admission webhook,可以加入Mutation和Validation两种类型的webhook插件，这些插件和Kubernets提供的预编译的Admission插件具有相同的能力。可以想到的用途包括：</p>
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<ul>
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<li>修改资源。例如Istio就通过Admin Webhook在Pod资源中增加了Envoy sidecar容器。</li>
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||
<li>自定义校验逻辑，例如对资源名称有一些特殊要求。或者对自定义资源的合法性进行校验。</li>
|
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</ul>
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<h2 id="采用webhook自动注入istio-sidecar">采用Webhook自动注入Istio Sidecar</h2>
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<hr>
|
||
<h3 id="kubernets版本要求">Kubernets版本要求</h3>
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<p>webhook支持需要Kubernets1.9或者更高的版本,使用下面的命令确认kube-apiserver的Admin webhook功能已启用。</p>
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||
<pre tabindex="0"><code>kubectl api-versions | grep admissionregistration
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admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
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</code></pre><h3 id="生成sidecar-injection-webhook的密钥和证书">生成sidecar injection webhook的密钥和证书</h3>
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||
<p>Webhook使用数字证书向kube-apiserver进行身份认证，因此需要先使用工具生成密钥对，并向Istio CA申请数字证书。</p>
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<pre tabindex="0"><code>./install/kubernetes/webhook-create-signed-cert.sh /
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--service istio-sidecar-injector /
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--namespace istio-system /
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--secret sidecar-injector-certs
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</code></pre><h3 id="将生成的数字证书配置到webhook中">将生成的数字证书配置到webhook中</h3>
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<pre tabindex="0"><code>cat install/kubernetes/istio-sidecar-injector.yaml | /
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./install/kubernetes/webhook-patch-ca-bundle.sh > /
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install/kubernetes/istio-sidecar-injector-with-ca-bundle.yaml
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</code></pre><h3 id="创建sidecar-injection-configmap">创建sidecar injection configmap</h3>
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<pre tabindex="0"><code>kubectl apply -f install/kubernetes/istio-sidecar-injector-configmap-release.yaml
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</code></pre><h3 id="部署sidecar-injection-webhook">部署sidecar injection webhook</h3>
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<pre tabindex="0"><code>kubectl apply -f install/kubernetes/istio-sidecar-injector-with-ca-bundle.yaml
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</code></pre><p>通过命令查看部署好的webhook injector</p>
|
||
<pre tabindex="0"><code>kubectl -n istio-system get deployment -listio=sidecar-injector
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Copy
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||
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
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istio-sidecar-injector 1 1 1 1 1d
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||
```
|
||
|
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### 开启需要自动注入sidecar的namespace
|
||
|
||
```
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||
kubectl label namespace default istio-injection=enabled
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kubectl get namespace -L istio-injection
|
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NAME STATUS AGE ISTIO-INJECTION
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default Active 1h enabled
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istio-system Active 1h
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kube-public Active 1h
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kube-system Active 1h
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||
```
|
||
|
||
## 参考
|
||
|
||
* [Extensible Admission is Beta](https://kubernetes.io/blog/2018/01/extensible-admission-is-beta)
|
||
* [Installing the Istio Sidecar](https://istio.io/docs/setup/kubernetes/sidecar-injection.html)
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</code></pre>
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catalog-container">
|
||
<div class="side-catalog">
|
||
<hr class="hidden-sm hidden-xs">
|
||
<h5>
|
||
<a class="catalog-toggle" href="#">CATALOG</a>
|
||
</h5>
|
||
<ul class="catalog-body"></ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="
|
||
col-lg-8 col-lg-offset-2
|
||
col-md-10 col-md-offset-1
|
||
sidebar-container">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<section>
|
||
<hr class="hidden-sm hidden-xs">
|
||
<h5><a href="/tags/">FEATURED TAGS</a></h5>
|
||
<div class="tags">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/tags/docker" title="docker">
|
||
docker
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/tags/istio" title="istio">
|
||
istio
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/tags/kubernetes" title="kubernetes">
|
||
kubernetes
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/tags/microservice" title="microservice">
|
||
microservice
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/tags/security" title="security">
|
||
security
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/tags/service-mesh" title="service mesh">
|
||
service mesh
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/tags/tips" title="tips">
|
||
tips
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<section>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
<h5>FRIENDS</h5>
|
||
<ul class="list-inline">
|
||
|
||
<li><a target="_blank" href="https://zhaozhihan.com">Linda的博客</a></li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</article>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<footer>
|
||
<div class="container">
|
||
<div class="row">
|
||
<div class="col-lg-8 col-lg-offset-2 col-md-10 col-md-offset-1">
|
||
<ul class="list-inline text-center">
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="mailto:youremail@gmail.com">
|
||
<span class="fa-stack fa-lg">
|
||
<i class="fas fa-circle fa-stack-2x"></i>
|
||
<i class="fas fa-envelope fa-stack-1x fa-inverse"></i>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a target="_blank" href="/your%20wechat%20qr%20code%20image">
|
||
<span class="fa-stack fa-lg">
|
||
<i class="fas fa-circle fa-stack-2x"></i>
|
||
<i class="fab fa-weixin fa-stack-1x fa-inverse"></i>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/yourgithub">
|
||
<span class="fa-stack fa-lg">
|
||
<i class="fas fa-circle fa-stack-2x"></i>
|
||
<i class="fab fa-github fa-stack-1x fa-inverse"></i>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/yourlinkedinid">
|
||
<span class="fa-stack fa-lg">
|
||
<i class="fas fa-circle fa-stack-2x"></i>
|
||
<i class="fab fa-linkedin fa-stack-1x fa-inverse"></i>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a target="_blank" href="https://stackoverflow.com/users/yourstackoverflowid">
|
||
<span class="fa-stack fa-lg">
|
||
<i class="fas fa-circle fa-stack-2x"></i>
|
||
<i class="fab fa-stack-overflow fa-stack-1x fa-inverse"></i>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href='' rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="David Young" >
|
||
<span class="fa-stack fa-lg">
|
||
<i class="fas fa-circle fa-stack-2x"></i>
|
||
<i class="fas fa-rss fa-stack-1x fa-inverse"></i>
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p class="copyright text-muted">
|
||
Copyright © David Young 2026
|
||
|
||
<br>
|
||
<a href="https://themes.gohugo.io/hugo-theme-cleanwhite">CleanWhite Hugo Theme</a> by <a href="https://zhaohuabing.com">Huabing</a> |
|
||
<iframe
|
||
style="margin-left: 2px; margin-bottom:-5px;"
|
||
frameborder="0" scrolling="0" width="100px" height="20px"
|
||
src="https://ghbtns.com/github-btn.html?user=zhaohuabing&repo=hugo-theme-cleanwhite&type=star&count=true" >
|
||
</iframe>
|
||
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</footer>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script>
|
||
function loadAsync(u, c) {
|
||
var d = document, t = 'script',
|
||
o = d.createElement(t),
|
||
s = d.getElementsByTagName(t)[0];
|
||
o.src = u;
|
||
if (c) { o.addEventListener('load', function (e) { c(null, e); }, false); }
|
||
s.parentNode.insertBefore(o, s);
|
||
}
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script>
|
||
|
||
if($('#tag_cloud').length !== 0){
|
||
loadAsync("/js/jquery.tagcloud.js",function(){
|
||
$.fn.tagcloud.defaults = {
|
||
|
||
color: {start: '#bbbbee', end: '#0085a1'},
|
||
};
|
||
$('#tag_cloud a').tagcloud();
|
||
})
|
||
}
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script>
|
||
(function() {
|
||
function updateTagcloudColors() {
|
||
const isDark = document.documentElement.getAttribute('data-theme') === 'dark';
|
||
const startColor = isDark ? '#808080' : '#bbbbee';
|
||
if($('#tag_cloud').length !== 0 && $.fn.tagcloud) {
|
||
$.fn.tagcloud.defaults = {
|
||
color: {start: startColor, end: '#0085a1'},
|
||
};
|
||
$('#tag_cloud a').tagcloud();
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
|
||
$(document).ready(function() {
|
||
updateTagcloudColors();
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
|
||
const observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {
|
||
mutations.forEach(function(mutation) {
|
||
if (mutation.attributeName === 'data-theme') {
|
||
updateTagcloudColors();
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
observer.observe(document.documentElement, {
|
||
attributes: true,
|
||
attributeFilter: ['data-theme']
|
||
});
|
||
})();
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script>
|
||
loadAsync("https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/fastclick@1.0.6/lib/fastclick.min.js", function(){
|
||
var $nav = document.querySelector("nav");
|
||
if($nav) FastClick.attach($nav);
|
||
})
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script src="/js/theme-toggle.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script type="text/javascript">
|
||
function generateCatalog(selector) {
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
_containerSelector = 'div.post-container'
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
var P = $(_containerSelector), a, n, t, l, i, c;
|
||
a = P.find('h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6');
|
||
|
||
|
||
$(selector).html('')
|
||
|
||
|
||
a.each(function () {
|
||
n = $(this).prop('tagName').toLowerCase();
|
||
i = "#" + $(this).prop('id');
|
||
t = $(this).text();
|
||
c = $('<a href="' + i + '" rel="nofollow" title="' + t + '">' + t + '</a>');
|
||
l = $('<li class="' + n + '_nav"></li>').append(c);
|
||
$(selector).append(l);
|
||
});
|
||
return true;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
generateCatalog(".catalog-body");
|
||
|
||
|
||
$(".catalog-toggle").click((function (e) {
|
||
e.preventDefault();
|
||
$('.side-catalog').toggleClass("fold")
|
||
}))
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
loadAsync("\/js\/jquery.nav.js", function () {
|
||
$('.catalog-body').onePageNav({
|
||
currentClass: "active",
|
||
changeHash: !1,
|
||
easing: "swing",
|
||
filter: "",
|
||
scrollSpeed: 700,
|
||
scrollOffset: 0,
|
||
scrollThreshold: .2,
|
||
begin: null,
|
||
end: null,
|
||
scrollChange: null,
|
||
padding: 80
|
||
});
|
||
});
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|